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  1. Abstract

    Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from X-ray to far-infrared (FIR) wavelengths are presented for a sample of 1246 X-ray-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs;L0.5–10 keV> 1043erg s−1), withzspec< 1.2, selected from Stripe 82X, COSMOS, and GOODS-N/S. The rest-frame SEDs show a wide spread (∼2.5 dex) in the relative strengths of broad continuum features at X-ray, ultraviolet (UV), mid-infrared (MIR), and FIR wavelengths. A linear correlation (log–log slope of 0.7 ± 0.04) is found betweenLMIRandLX. There is significant scatter in the relation between theLUVandLXowing to heavy obscuration; however, the most luminous and unobscured AGNs show a linear correlation (log–log slope of 0.8 ± 0.06) in the relation above this scatter. The relation betweenLFIRandLXis predominantly flat, but with decreasing dispersion atLX> 1044erg s−1. The ratio between the “galaxy-subtracted” bolometric luminosity and the intrinsicLXincreases from a factor of ∼10 to 70 from logLbol/(erg s−1) = 44.5 to 46.5. Characteristic SED shapes have been determined by grouping AGNs based on relative strengths of the UV and MIR emission. The averageL1μmis constant for the majority of these SED shapes, while AGNs with the strongest UV and MIR emission have elevatedL1μm, consistent with the AGN emission dominating their SEDs at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. A strong correlation is found between the SED shape and both theLXandLbol, such thatLbol/LX= 20.4 ± 1.8, independent of the SED shape. This is consistent with an evolutionary scenario of increasingLbolwith decreasing obscuration as the AGN blows away circumnuclear gas.

     
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  2. ABSTRACT

    We aim to determine the intrinsic far-Infrared (far-IR) emission of X-ray-luminous quasars over cosmic time. Using a 16 deg2 region of the Stripe 82 field surveyed by XMM-Newton and Herschel Space Observatory, we identify 2905 X-ray luminous (LX > 1042 erg/s) active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the range z ≈ 0–3. The IR is necessary to constrain host galaxy properties such as star formation rate (SFR) and gas mass. However, only 10 per cent of our AGN are detected both in the X-ray and IR. Because 90 per cent of the sample is undetected in the far-IR by Herschel, we explore the mean IR emission of these undetected sources by stacking their Herschel/SPIRE images in bins of X-ray luminosity and redshift. We create stacked spectral energy distributions from the optical to the far-IR, and estimate the median SFR, dust mass, stellar mass, and infrared luminosity using a fitting routine. We find that the stacked sources on average have similar SFR/Lbol ratios as IR detected sources. The majority of our sources fall on or above the main sequence line suggesting that X-ray selection alone does not predict the location of a galaxy on the main sequence. We also find that the gas depletion time scales of our AGN are similar to those of dusty star forming galaxies. This suggests that X-ray selected AGN host high star formation and that there are no signs of declining star formation.

     
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